If you’ve read Centralized Exchanges, then you know what limit and market orders are. Order Flow is simply the flow of these orders over time. Order Flow Analysis is the process of finding pattners in order flow data. For example, large limit orders may appear in the order book and seem to protect a certain price level, but as soon as the price approaches them, they get pulled away.
There are many ways to visualize order flow. You can read about some of them here. We’ve developed our way to visualize it. Let’s walk you through it.
Limit Orders
Order Book is a list of bids and asks. Each bid and ask is a pair of a target price level and a quantity of an asset. Some exchanges use the terms “size” and “amount” as alternatives to “quantity”.
Let’s explore what we see in a example of Binance SOL/USDT spot trading pair, which has a minimum price step of 0.01.
The whole space is broken into price ranges, for example, a price range from 147.14 (visible on the right scale) to 147.15 (marker is not shown for compactness). The space inside these ranges shows bar charts. Bars extending upward from the bottom of the range are bids for the lower bound (147.14 in the example) and bars extending downward from the top of the range are asks for the upper bound (147.15). Every bar is the last bid or ask quantity within the selected timeframe (1s in the example).
The heights of the bars are uniform - N pixels represent the same quantity according to the quantity scale in any place on the screen. Color intensities of the bars are here to visuallly distinguish different ranges and bring attention to bigger quantities, where color intensities match those on the quanaity scale legend.
The Price Scale, on the other hand, is not uniform - pixel heights between levels may vary depending on vertical space needed to fit bids and asks inside ranges. This may seem unusual; however, from our point of view, it reflects the fact that price levels are not equally important and when large quantities separate them it’s logical for them to be distant.
Additionally, this chart shows classic OHLC Bars (Open - High - Low - Close), according to the non-uniform price scale.
Market Orders
The chosen presentation gives an advantage by easily showing market orders, which is not possible on heatmaps.
It’s the same SOL/USDT chart with 1s timeframe selected. Here, you can see how market orders cut through limit orders.
This bar shows that during that 1 second, market orders took all limit orders at the price of 145 and the bid disappeared after that.
A quick glance at quantity legend let us see that bid 1 was ~6K SOL and bid 2 was ~2K. Similiar quantities were taken by market orders.
Market orders are colored red for market sells and green for market buys; however, the gradient is different to bring attention to all market orders. Market orders coloring start from high intensity and then fade into lower intensities.
Additionally, please take a look at volume bars; they have approximately the same heights as the corresponding market orders, as they belong to the same uniform space of order quantities.
Multiple Markets
Data from multiple markets can be easily combined in a uniform quantity space. Below, you can see Binance Spot BTC/USDT and BTC/USDC shown at the same time. Bids and asks are layered within ranges. Only limit orders are shown for simplicity.
Any selected symbol can be highlighted separately.
Market orders are aggregated the same way.